I like Linux so much, but it your situation, please, take the Windows computer of a friend, and use Odin to flash the latest Samsung Firmware (corresponding to your model and CSC), you also could flash TWRP with it.
It will take 30-60 minutes. This way we are sure to see if we are in front of a hardware failure (SIM slot) or just a C.K.I. issue ( Chair to Keyboard Interface ).
What I also saw is that in all firmware zip files I downloaded the PIT file was missing except in the first one what was the GT-I9305_3IE_1_20140731175530_hyn5whpc8n_fac.zip
In the heimdall guide it is noticed that better way to get the pit, is from the device itself,
Anyway usually, most of the Samsung PIT files i have dowloaded are called “EUR_OPEN” (european model variant, free of carrier) so they are same whatever the country.
For high speed download complete latest firmware, factory tagged “bin” ( 4 files, download filename ends by _FAC ) and update ( without wiping /data, 1file ), use sfirmware
For all archives high speed download update ( 1 file ) latest firmware, use samfw
Also provide interesting COMBINATION FIRMWARE
For all archive firmware, low speed download and sometimes download error, use samfrew
For all archives, paid high speed download use sammobile
The problem is that I’ve downloaded the most of these firmwares and not one fitted in my phone. The names of the files didn’t match to the names of the folders (only some of them did match).
No I’m not shure that the phone was shipped by DTM. But that was just the German file in the list.
Edit :
On a “old” phone for witch no new update / upgrade will be ever released by Samsung,
Exact CSC No realy matter for using custom OSes, as we wipe /system and /data, the carriers addson apps will be erased
Important is the used CSC contains the right cellular bands used by the carrier in the country.
IN YOUR CASE, you could use ”DBT" witch is Deutsch free of carrier and all Deutsch carrier capable