Samsung Galaxy S7: no Browser app, and all webview-related apps crash on 2.6.3-s

/e/OS Devices Samsung
2

Vendor Name: Samsung
Device name: Galaxy S7
Device CodeName: herolte
Version of /e/OS which existed previously: e-2.2-s-20240716417774-stable-herolte
My device is Not rooted

Clean Install of…
e-2.6.3-s-20241217455357-official-herolte.zip
recovery-e-2.6.3-s-20241217455357-official-herolte.img

Works flawlessly including eAppLounge; no e-Broswer crashes