OTA Android version Upgrade only happens for stable / official builds and this does not exist for Galaxy S10e beyond0lte.
You probably found the install page Install /e/OS on a Samsung Galaxy S10e - “beyond0lte”, where we are told
Before following these instructions please ensure that the device is on the latest Android 12 firmware.
You can see the history of published builds here /e/OS dev beyond0lte download. With community / dev builds, changing from Android 11 (R) it is necessary to Format data and Return to stock ROM .
The easiest way to do this is with a Windows PC and Odin Revert Samsung Device to stock ROM on Windows PC.