How to mount encrypted /data partition in recovery mode?

if your fstab says ext4 for the userdata, you need to account for this within “mount -t”. Did you create the /mnt/userdata prior with “mkdir -p”?

For your Samsung S9:

mkdir -p /mnt/userdata
mount -t ext4 /dev/block/platform/11120000.ufs/by-name/USERDATA /mnt/userdata

(the fstab block path should be synonymous with /dev/block/bootdevice/by-name/userdata)

There is a Samsung thread on cli motions at "Your data may be corrupt": /e/os booting into recovery and crashing on startup after running out of disk space - #28 by AnotherElk