Thank you for the detailed outputs.
Ok, firstly, perhaps you have no platform-tools system installed …
… but I still don’t know for certain if Edit you and the script have access to two different versions of fastboot
So here you are in platform-tools
whereas
will run the fastboot parts of script out of /your/path/to/IMG-e-2.5-t-20241108446629-official-FP5/bin-linux-x86
.
Personally I would really want to resolve this, maybe you feel you have, but of course I cannot see what you can see.
The start of the script tries to ensure nothing is wrong with the environment … to sidestep the script one would have to be really confident in the manual steps.
If you take some time to read [HOW-TO] Flash /e/-OS on Fairphone 3 using Debian based GNU/Linux Note it is FP3, you will see towards the end of the OP, just after the short paragraph starting Update May 2023
Back to your FP5
Compare the above with the contents of your unzipped folder
I found this
$ cd test-fp5/
~/test-fp5$ cd IMG-e-2.5-t-20241108446629-official-FP5/
~/test-fp5/IMG-e-2.5-t-20241108446629-official-FP5$ ls
abl.img devcfg.img keymaster.img uefisecapp.img
aop.img dsp.img modem.img vbmeta.img
bin-linux-x86 dtbo.img multiimgoem.img vbmeta_system.img
bin-msys featenabler.img qupfw.img vendor_boot.img
bluetooth.img flash_FP5_factory.sh shrm.img xbl_config.img
boot.img hyp.img super.img xbl.img
cpucp.img imagefv.img tz.img
If you felt confident enough you could deconstruct the script and take just the install lines from line 114 - 148 as guidance and flash each of the .img files to the relevant partition.
Late edit Inspired by this in the script:
echo "ERROR: Could not flash the ${2} partition on device ${1}."
echo ""
echo "ERROR: Please unplug the phone, take the battery out, boot the device into"
echo "ERROR: fastboot mode, and start this script again."
You might consider, with the phone unlocked, and briefly checking that the existing OS seems to run correctly, shutdown and removal of the battery – before a fresh start.