Where one has a difficulty recognising an Android device and an issue with requiring root on Linux this page Set up a device for development provides an answer. I will quote the whole relevant section.
Ubuntu Linux: Set up the following:
- Each user that wants to use ADB needs to be in the
plugdevgroup. If you see an error message that says you’re not in theplugdevgroup, add yourself to it using the following command:
sudo usermod -aG plugdev $LOGNAME
Groups only update on login, so you must log out for this change to take effect. When you log back in, you can use id to check that you’re in the plugdev group.
- The system needs to have
udevrules installed that cover the device. Theandroid-sdk-platform-tools-commonpackage contains a community-maintained default set ofudevrules for Android devices. To install it, use the following command:
apt-get install android-sdk-platform-tools-common
/quote
If you “system install” platform-tools [1], notice how your package manager will install android-sdk-platform-tools-common as requires or depends (check for example this package page https://ubuntu.pkgs.org/24.10/ubuntu-universe-arm64/android-sdk-platform-tools_28.0.2+10+nmu1_arm64.deb.html).
[1] Edit Note that system install is not recommended in this /e/ documentation page Installing adb and fastboot on a Linux PC, this reason is given
Caution: The default adb installation on OS like Ubuntu can be outdated and can cause errors. We would recommend that linux distribution users ensure they use the installation process given here.