Office 365 - how to set up email / contacts / agenda - seem /e/ is blocking something

Yes, /e/ is in fact blocking something, have a look at advanced privacy: Advanced Privacy - know all about it

What might help you specifically with the Emails from Microsoft is to disable some trackers on those apps, see this thread: Microsoft Teams - There was a problem with the network. Try signing in again - continues, maybe this helps you too.

While I personally think advanced privacy is an awesome feature, it can also stop some apps from working as expected. Some finetuning and learning about what it does is necessary.