i am affraid you will need to format data partition to recover a working device…
it was needed to upgrade from Q to higher version, why the e-1.17-q and e-1.20-r were so importants to avoid the formating.
- i don’t know if this can work with a non booting device, but have a look
at [HOWTO] End-to-end Encrypted Full Backup and Restore Solution for /e/OS using Termux and restic
or [HOWTO] Backup and Restore Data on Android Devices - easier, (if your bootloader is unlocked), installing TWRP could allow you to copy at least the content of your internal storage and more if you know were to go by mounting others partitions